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Standards and norms

The section of standards seeks to open discussion on ways that archaeology should be developed in Ecuador. What is presented in this section are draft proposals made by some people and institutions, but the zeal is that presented in this forum, these proposals will be enriched. We have two documents at the beginning, one prepared by the ESPOL, and the other by the USFQ. These documents can at best, be complementary. We would encourage readers to navigate between documents, and send suggestions for improvements. In the end, we will have a document that can be presented to the INPC, or any institution that control the protection of Cultural Heritage in Ecuador. We also invite you to visit our forum on standards and methodology.



Technical Brief 17: Developing an Archæological Site Conservation Database PDF Print E-mail
Written by Robert M. Torne, University of Mississippi   
Wednesday, 10 October 2007 13:52

Published by the DOI Departmental Consulting Archeologist/NPS Archeology Program, National Park Service, Washington, DC, April 1996.

Though the conservation and long-term management of archeological sites is now generally accepted wisdom, it, wasn't always so. A traditional bias toward excavation and the keeping of only basic site data has had effects that linger on today. Historically, and to the detriment of long-term site care, information has been collected with only fundamental concerns such as location and interpretation in mind. Excavation was favored over in-place conservation, under the assumption that the latter was too complicated and expensive. But the true cost of excavation is often more than anticipated, and often grows as the curation of objects is projected into the future.

What should a resource manager know to compose an effective long-term plan? It goes far beyond a site's age and location. What are the environmental dynamics of the setting? What kind of ground cover grows there? What is the soil type? Is damage being caused by vandals? Cyclical inundation? Timber harvesting? Off-road vehicles? Jet-skis?

This brief addresses the care of archeological sites over time, with accompanying forms to help in planning for a site's future.

Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 05:19
 
Technical Brief 1: Filter Fabric: A Technique for Short-term Site Stabilization PDF Print E-mail
Written by Robert M. Thorne, University of Mississippi   
Tuesday, 09 October 2007 12:19

Published by the DOI Departmental Consulting Archeologist/NPS Archeology Program, National Park Service, Washington, DC, 1988.

Filter fabrics have been available for several years and are used most frequently as an underliner for roadbeds and in other construction related activities. These materials are produced both as woven and nonwoven fabrics and are available in varying weights and porosities. Fabric selection is based on the proposed application and the specifications that the desired material must meet. If filter fabric is selected as the stabilization technology that is to be used, it has the advantage of being available from several manufacturers whose products are competitively priced. These materials, regardless of manufacturer, are relatively inert geosynthetics that are resistant to ultraviolet degeneration.

Last Updated on Wednesday, 23 September 2009 09:29
 
Technical Brief 22: Developing and Implementing Archeological Site Stewardship Programs PDF Print E-mail
Written by Sophia Kelly, Arizona State University   
Monday, 08 October 2007 19:01

Published by the DOI Departmental Consulting Archeologist/NPS Archeology Program, National Park Service, Washington, DC, May 2007.

Archeological site stewardship programs can be a valuable component of protection plans for archeological resources on both public and private lands. These programs provide important assistance to land managers, who are often constrained by limited budgets and staff support. Site stewardship programs also involve landowners in the protection of archeological resources on private property. These programs facilitate communication among professional archeologists, government agencies, and the public. This technical brief explores the necessary components of successful development and implementation of an archeological site stewardship program.

Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 05:08
 
Sistema de Inventario Arqueológico Global PDF Print E-mail
Written by Gaëtan Juillard   
Wednesday, 26 September 2007 19:24
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

El National Park Service de Estados-Unidos a armado en 1992 un proyecto de inventario global de los yacimientos arqueológicos con los objetivos de determinar la naturaleza y la extensión de los yacimentos arquéologicos, la puesta en valor y la estrategias recomendadas para la conservación, la protección, la preservación y el manejo de estos recursos.

Más...
Systemwide Archæological Inventory Program [PDF] (en inglés)
Presentación del poyecto [DOC] (en inglés)
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 05:08
 
Guía para la Evaluación y el Registro de yaciminetos Arqueologicos PDF Print E-mail
Written by Gaëtan Juillard   
Wednesday, 19 September 2007 11:28
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

El registro y el inventario; siempre un problema en arqueología. Es la base de nuestra práctica porque cada vez que hombres utilizan el medio ambiente o intercambian - de una forma u otra - entre ellos, queda un testimonio: el yacimiento arqueológico. Un yacimiento es una fuente de información única para entender el pasado y cuidarlo.El registro / inventario es la unica manera de preservar la inmensa riqueza del patrimonio cultural.

No existen soluciones listas para utilizar. Lo que puede ser perfecto para un arqueólogo o un proyecto no funcionará para otros. Hay que construir su propio sistema, su propia organización, valiéndose de otros sistemas.

El Servicio de los Parques Nacionales estadounidense ha desarollado una guía para el leventamiento del patrimonio arqueológico que trata de dar una solución o un consejo a cada problema que puedan encontrar arqueólogos o cualquier otra persona encargada de velar por el patrimonio cultural.

Más...
Guidelines for Evaluating and Registering Arqueological Properties [PDF] (en inglés).
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 05:05
 
Estandares de la Arqueología Holandesa PDF Print E-mail
Written by Gaëtan Juillard   
Tuesday, 18 September 2007 21:02
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

Dos arqueológos holandeses proponen una guía extendida y completa para una practica arqueologica de cualidad, desde la fase de desarrollo de los proyectos hasta la publicación y la puesta en valor de los yacimientos arqueólogicos, pasando por la prospección, la protección y conservación, la excavación, el bodegaje, registro y el manejo de la información.

Desarrollada para la practica holandesa, el texto se puede adaptar a las realidades ecuatorianas y ser un exelente borrador a una normalización de la practica profesional en el país.

Más...
Dutch Archaeology Quality Standard [PDF] (en inglès).
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 05:05
 
Estandares para la recolección de los restos humanos PDF Print E-mail
Written by Institute Of Field Archæologists   
Tuesday, 04 September 2007 18:25
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

En antropología fisíca, el registro es esencial para entender las costumbres funerarias de las sociedades precolombianas o coloniales. El Institute Of Field Archæologists (del Reino Unido) propone estándares y normas para el registro de diferentes tipos de enterramientos.

Más...
Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains [PDF].
Last Updated on Thursday, 24 September 2009 03:40
 
Best Practice Guidance for Curators and Commissioning Archaeologists PDF Print E-mail
Written by English Heritage   
Tuesday, 04 September 2007 17:53

Provision for Archaeological Science at interventions undertaken as a consequence of Planning Policy Guidance Note 16 (Department of the Environment 1990) is variable. Some examples of good practice, which have resulted in effective and targeted programmes of analysis, or mitigation by in situ preservation (Corfield et al. 1998), are given in Appendix 1. Many others could be cited. However, in some cases the quality of work in scientific archaeology leaves much to be desired. There is a clear need for a set of statements outlining good practice, which can be adopted or adapted by Local Authority archaeological curators when writing Briefs and Specifications. Consequently, this document has been produced by the nine English Heritage Regional Advisors for Archaeological Science (Appendix 2). Its purpose is to outline minimum standards of good practice for PPG16 interventions, partly in the form of model clauses for Briefs and General Specifications. Detailed Specifications, Project Designs or Written Schemes of Investigation (however termed), are prepared by contracting Units in many Local Authority areas, and are not considered here.
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 05:04
 
South Carolina Standards & Guidelines for Archæological Investigations PDF Print E-mail
Written by Gaëtan Juillard   
Monday, 27 August 2007 17:55
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

Este documento, escrito y publicado por el departamento de Conservación Patrimonial de Carolina del Sur, con la colaboración del Instituto de Arqueologia y Antropologia del mismo y el Colegio de Arqueológos Profesionales de Carolina del Sur, es un texto de recomendaciones y consejos para desarrollar y manejar proyectos de investigaciones en arqueología. Fue diseñado para los EEUU, pero puede ser útil en otros países, con algunas adaptaciones.

Más...
South Carolina Standards & Guidelines for Archæological Investigations [PDF] (en inglés).
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 04:53
 
Monument Inventory Data Standard (MIDAS) PDF Print E-mail
Written by Gaëtan Juillard   
Monday, 30 July 2007 18:45
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

Los "monumentos" son parte de todos los yacimientos arqueológicos; están vinculados a los objetos, etc. Durante el siglo XX, nuevas formas de monumentos fueron reconocidas : sistemas de comunicación, patrimonio indígena, entre otros. Todos están vinculados a la riqueza del patrimonio y al paisaje cultural.

Los monumentos y edificios fueron un centro de interés popular y científico por más de un siglo. Hoy en día, la cantidad de informaciones que fue recogida bajo la forma de informes, esquemas, fotografías y, cada vez más, datos digitales, se ha multiplicado. Al mismo tiempo, la necesidad de proteger estos monumentos frente al desarrollo urbano anárquico y a las técnicas agrícolas riesgosas para el patrimonio, más alla de la erosión o del debilitamiento de los suelos. Para interpretar lo conocido, para difundirlo en la sociedad, y para identificar, proteger y manejar lo que está conservado, un sistema de manejo organizado, acequible, útil y adapatativo es necesario.

Más...
Descargar la tercera edición de Monument Inventory Data Standard [PDF] (en inglés).
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 04:53
 
Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment PDF Print E-mail
Written by English Heritage   
Monday, 30 July 2007 17:36

Management of Archaeological Projects (MAP2) has been the model for archaeological projects undertaken or funded by English Heritage since its publication in 1991 and has been influential in establishing benchmarks and standards for the profession as a whole.

It was always intended that MAP2 would be reviewed and revised in the light of practical experience, and that other groups should apply, interpret, and develop this framework with reference to their own particular areas of interest. Accordingly, English Heritage is now reviewing the project management model set out in MAP2 in the light of developments in project management and data handling across the historic environment sector with the intention of issuing new project management guidance.

MAP2 specifically focussed on field archaeology although its general principles are widely applicable across the whole historic environment sector. Specifically, MAP2 established the formal requirement that projects funded by English Heritage should have an explicit research agenda, be properly planned, transparently documented and effectively managed; that the results be promptly and appropriately disseminated; and that the potential of the data should be subject to critical evaluation against the research agenda throughout the lifetime of a project.

The revised guidance will build on these principles, embracing data sets and traditions of investigation which did not fall within the specifically archaeological remit of MAP2. It will cover all fields of academic research on the historic environment, from the technical to the social and economic. This guidance will be applicable to the full range of historic environment research projects commissioned and undertaken by English Heritage. These research programmes will investigate the buried, submerged, and up-standing, built, and landscape components of the historic environment; and will have the strategic aim of enabling understanding, enjoyment, and protection of the historic environment in the context of current national and regional priorities. The new guidance will incorporate current thinking and practice on project management and will emphasise a dynamic, flexible approach to the collection and analysis of information.

The new guidance will form the specification for historic environment research projects funded or undertaken by English Heritage. It will consist of:
  • this generic statement of the principles of project management to be applied to historic environment research. This will operate alongside MAP2 (http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/management_of_archaeological_projects.pdf) for EH funded projects until the production of:
  • fuller project management guidance, which will be supported by more detailed information on the practical application of the guidance to the various specialist areas within historic environment research (e.g. maritime archaeology or building analysis and recording).
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 04:54
 
Estándares profesionales para arqueológia de contrato PDF Print E-mail
Written by Asociación de Arqueológos Profesionales de la República Argentina   
Monday, 30 July 2007 17:09
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

Generales

1. El arqueólogo no podrá autorizar la liberación de un área específica sin tomar previamente todos los recaudos que le aseguren que en la misma no sufrirán impactos o efectos negativos recursos arqueológicos.

2. Deberá respetar y cumplimentar las exigencias legales - nacionales o provinciales- así como las disposiciones o reclamos de los organismos locales - provinciales o municipales- siempre que los mismos cuenten con el aval de la AAPRA u otros organismos reconocidos en la temática arqueológica.

3. Contactar los organismos provinciales que tengan a cargo la protección del Patrimonio Arqueológico cuando haya que acordar trabajos a desarrollar en sus jurisdicciones.

4. No interferir los trabajos de otros colegas sin las respectivas consultas y acuerdos - Ej. superponiendo trabajos en un área que ya estaba siendo estudiada por otro profesional.
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 04:54
 
Estándares basicos para la practica arqueológica PDF Print E-mail
Written by Asociación de Arqueológos Profesionales de la República Argentina   
Monday, 30 July 2007 16:57
There are no translations available at this moment. Thanks for your comprehension.

A. Estándares Generales

1. Desempeñar la actividad profesional tendiendo siempre a la conservación y preservación de la base de recursos arqueológicos y a su buen uso.

2. Asumir un rol activo y protagónico en la prevención de acciones o efectos destructivos o perturbadores del registro arqueológico por los distintos agentes - antrópicos y naturales -.

3. Practicar excavaciones u otras acciones que impliquen alteración del Registro Arqueológico sólo en los casos debidamente justificados y que se puedan desarrollar y llevar a su plena finalización en acordancia con un buen nivel científico-técnico.

4. Adherir a los estándares científicos consistentemente aprobados por la comunidad científica, de manera tal que se maximice y optimice la conservación del Registro Arqueológico y/o la generación de información y producción de conocimientos a partir del mismo.

Atención: El punto 5 se sacó y con los cambios establecidos pasa al Código de Etica
Last Updated on Tuesday, 15 September 2009 04:55
 
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